Bakke Church ( no, Bakke kirke) is a

parish church A parish church (or parochial church) in Christianity is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish. In many parts of the world, especially in rural areas, the parish church may play a significant role in community activities, ...

of the

Church of Norway The Church of Norway ( nb, Den norske kirke, nn, Den norske kyrkja, se, Norgga girku, sma, Nöörjen gærhkoe) is an evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway. The church b ...

Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; sma, Tråante), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem (), is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2020, it had a population of 205,332, was the third most populous municipality in Norway, and ...

municipality in

Trøndelag Trøndelag (; sma, Trööndelage) is a county in the central part of Norway. It was created in 1687, then named Trondhjem County ( no, Trondhjems Amt); in 1804 the county was split into Nord-Trøndelag and Sør-Trøndelag by the King of Denmar ...

county,

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

. It is located in the

Bakklandet Bakklandet is a neighborhood in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. It lies in the borough of Østbyen on the east side of the Nidelva river between the Bakke Bridge (''Bakke bru'') and the Old Town Bridge (''Gamle Bybro''). The ...

area of the

city of Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; sma, Tråante), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem (), is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2020, it had a population of 205,332, was the third most populous municipality in Norway, and ...

, and the church serves the Bakklandet, Møllenberg, Rosenborg, and

Nedre Elvehavn Nedre Elvehavn is a neighborhood in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is situated the borough of Østbyen, just on the east side of the river Nidelva (across the river from Midtbyen, although it is generally considered to be ...

areas of

Østbyen Østbyen is a borough of the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. The borough was established on 1 January 2005 in a municipal borough reform that reduced the number of boroughs in the city. The borough of Lerkendal lies to the southwe ...

in Trondheim. It is one of the churches for the ''Bakklandet og Lademoen''

parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...

which is part of the

Nidaros domprosti This list of churches in Nidaros is a list of the Church of Norway churches in the Diocese of Nidaros which covers all of Trøndelag county in Norway. The list is divided into several sections, one for each deanery in the diocese. Administrati ...

(arch-

deanery A deanery (or decanate) is an ecclesiastical entity in the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, the Evangelical Church in Germany, and the Church of Norway. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residenc ...

) in the

Diocese of Nidaros Nidaros is a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Norway. It covers Trøndelag county in Central Norway and its cathedral city is Trondheim, which houses the well-known Nidaros Cathedral. Since 10 September 2017, the Bishop of Nidaros is Herborg ...

. The red, wooden church was built in an

octagonal In geometry, an octagon (from the Greek ὀκτάγωνον ''oktágōnon'', "eight angles") is an eight-sided polygon or 8-gon. A '' regular octagon'' has Schläfli symbol and can also be constructed as a quasiregular truncated square, t, whi ...

style in 1715 using plans drawn up by the

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

Johan Christopher Hempel (died 1729). The church seats about 400 people. It is the oldest building in the

area of Trondheim since it was the only building that was spared during the

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

siege of 1718.

History

After the

town fire in 1708, the Bakklandet area was placed under the

Lade Church Lade Church ( no, Lade Kirke) is one of Norway's oldest existing stone churches. It is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Trondheim municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the Lade neighborhood in the city of Trondheim, ...

parish that was part of the

Strinda Strinda is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality encompassed the eastern part of what is now the municipality of Trondheim south and ea ...

prestegjeld A ''prestegjeld'' was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (''Den Norske Kirke'') roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas tha ...

. The Bakklandet residents

tithe A tithe (; from Old English: ''teogoþa'' "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash or cheques or more r ...

d quite a bit and sent a lot of income to the bishop,

Peder Krog Peder Krog (8 April 1654 – 24 May 1731) was a Danish-born Norwegian Lutheran bishop. Peder Krog was born in Aarhus, Denmark. He studied in Rostock and Copenhagen, and then went to Germany to study for several years. In 1675, he was award ...

, who in Bakkelandet and served as a local parish priest. But the other priests of the town protested, and it was claimed that

was too small a church building for the large size of the congregation, plus the church was some distance away from the Bakke area. So, it was decided to build a new

church in Bakklandet. The bishop originally named the new church after his wife, Anna Dorothea, but it is said that the bishop was the only one who actually used this name. The church in Bakklandet in Trondheim was constructed in 1715. This church was based on the designs of the ten-year old church at the

Trondhjem Hospital The Trondhjem Hospital ( no, Trondhjems Hospital; colloquially: ''Hospitalet'') is a charitable foundation in Trondheim, Norway. The Hospital runs a nursing home, a home for demented persons, apartments for assisted living An assisted livin ...

which was designed by Johan Christopher Hempel. The Bakke church was built by the carpenters Johan Pedersen Graasten and Johan Henrik Helmers. They used the same plans as the hospital church, but built it to a larger scale. Bakke Church is the oldest building in the

area of Trondheim since it was the only building that was spared during the

siege of 1718. After

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, the ''Innherredsveien'' road (the old

European route E6 European route E6 ( no, Europavei 6, sv, Europaväg 6, or simply E6) is the main north-south thoroughfare through Norway as well as the west coast of Sweden. It is long and runs from the southern tip of Sweden at Trelleborg, into Norway and t ...

highway) was widened and upgraded to be a major road through town and the church was located too close to the road. The church had become a major traffic obstruction, forcing cars to go through a narrow stretch along the church. This led to plans to demolish the church, especially after the opening of the new Bakke bridge in 1927. It was decided to save the church so the church was closed in 1938. Site work took place around the building and then the whole church was raised with a

jack Jack may refer to: Places * Jack, Alabama, US, an unincorporated community * Jack, Missouri, US, an unincorporated community * Jack County, Texas, a county in Texas, USA People and fictional characters * Jack (given name), a male given name, ...

and moved several meters to the southeast in 1939. It was placed on a new foundation with a lower floor than the original. The entire building was restored and updated at the same time. The process took about three years and it was reopened and re-

consecrate Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service. The word ''consecration'' literally means "association with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different grou ...

d in 1941. The move and restoration of the church was led by the

John Egil Tverdahl John Egil Tverdahl (1890 in Trondheim – 1969) was a Norwegian architect. Tverdahl designed many churches as well as led the restoration of several churches that were located in Nordmøre, Trøndelag, and Nordland in northern Norway. Tverdahl ...

and E. Krogseth. Although the building is owned by the

, the state

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...

church, Bakke Church is also used by Trondheim's small

Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via ...

congregation, who do not possess their own church building.

Media gallery

Bakke Kirke.jpg, Exterior view Bakke kirke ved 250-års jubileet (1965).jpg, Interior view (1965) "Da så Jesus på ham og fikk ham kjær" - Utgangsdøren i Bakke kirke.jpg, Interiør i Bakke kirke (før 1939).jpg, Interior (before 1939) Bakke kirke før flytting i 1939.jpg, Exterior view (in 1939 before it was moved) Bakke kirke før flyttingen i 1939.jpg, Exterior view (in 1939 before it was moved) Krysset Innherredsveien Nonnegata med Bakke kirke (1962) (8691603737).jpg, Exterior view (in 1962, after the church was moved in order to widen the road)

References

{{use dmy dates, date=June 2021 Churches in Trondheim Churches in Trøndelag Octagonal churches in Norway Wooden churches in Norway 18th-century Church of Norway church buildings Churches completed in 1715 1715 establishments in Norway Russian Orthodox church buildings in Norway

History

Media gallery

See also

References